International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience (IJPAB)
Year : 2017, Volume : 5, Issue : 6
First page : (1122) Last page : (1131)
Article doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.5235
Calmodulin in Plant Responses to Abiotic Stresses and Signalling
Jyoti Chauhan1*, Rajesh Kumar Singhal1, Snita Chaudhary2 and Rekha Sodani1
1Department of Plant Physiology, 2Department of Agronomy
IAS, BHU, Varanasi - 221005, India
*Corresponding Author E-mail: jc6173000@gmail.com
Received: 11.06.2017 | Revised: 15.07.2017 | Accepted: 18.07.2017
ABSTRACT
Abiotic stresses are considered as major limiting factors of crop yields and cause billions of dollars of losses annually around the world. It is hoped that understanding at the molecular level how plants respond to adverse conditions and adapt to a changing environmental conditions may help in developing plants that can efficiently cope with multiple abiotic stresses. Abbreviation for (CaM) is calcium-modulated protein, a calcium-binding messenger protein expressed in all eukaryotic cells. It is an intracellular target of the secondary messenger Ca2+ and the binding of Ca2+ is required for the activation of Calmodulin. Once bound to Ca2+, Calmodulin participate in calcium signal transduction pathway by altering its interactions with various target proteins such as kinases or phosphatase. Calmodulin is a ubiquitously present and highly conserved calcium sensor throughout the eukaryotes. Plants have evolved a complex network of calmodulin and calmodulin-binding target proteins that serve to play an important role in mediating stress-signaling pathways. Many of the target proteins of CaM directly or indirectly regulates plant responses to environmental stresses and bind proteins include transcription factors, ion channels, and metabolic enzymes that assist plant to effectively cope with environmental stress and pathogens. Extensive research over the past decade has been focused on understanding the function of calmodulin in biotic and abiotic stress response. How CaM/CMLs are involved in regulating plant responses to abiotic stresses are emphasized in this review. Future finding in Ca2+/CaM-mediated signaling will improve our understanding of how plants respond to environmental stresses, also provide the knowledge base to improve stress-tolerance of crops. Basic information about stimulus-induced Ca2+ signal and overview of Ca2+ signal perception and transduction are briefly discussed in the beginning of this review.
Key words:CaM- Calcium-modulated protein, CML- CaM-like protein EF-hand, Secondary Messenger, Signal Transduction, Ion Channels, Environmental Stress, Signal Perception.
Full Text : PDF; Journal doi : http://dx.doi.org/10.18782
Cite this article: Chauhan, J., Singhal, R.K., Chaudhary, S. and Sodani, R., Calmodulin in Plant Responses to Abiotic Stresses and Signalling, Int. J. Pure App. Biosci.5(6): 1122-1131 (2017). doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.5235
