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International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience (IJPAB)
Year : 2019, Volume : 7, Issue : 2
First page : (279) Last page : (291)
Article doi: : http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7427

Advances in Breeding Techniques of Bulbous ornamental Crops

Neha Dogra* and K. K. Dhatt

Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab) – 141004
*Corresponding Author E-mail: nehadogra-coadfl@pau.edu
Received: 5.03.2019  |  Revised: 7.04.2019   |  Accepted: 13.04.2019  

 ABSTRACT

Bulbous crops are specialized modified underground stem structures in which food material is stored to overcome the unfavorable environmental conditions. These plants are prized for their magnificent flowers and for being grown for mass effect. Breeding techniques are of two types i.e. conventional (Introduction, Selection, Hybridization, Mutation) and non- conventional (Genetic engineering, Biotechnology). Hybridization is the crossing of two or more plants which are genetically different from each other to produce a new crop. It is used to create genetical variation and to exploit the hybrid vigour. Mutation breeding is the sudden heritable changes occurred in an organism. Mutation may be caused by spontaneous and induced and the result of a change in the gene or chromosome. Anther culture is the process of using anthers to culture haploid plantlets.  The technique was discovered in 1964 by Guha and Maheshwari. Embryo culture is to separation or isolation of plant embryo and growing to this in culture medium under controlled condition or lab. Genetic engineering is the artificial transfer of gene(s) from one organism to another to produce novel traits in the recipient living organism. It is of two types Direct or Indirect. Direct gene transfer are Chemical Mediated Gene Transfer, Microinjection, Electroporation, ParticlGun/Particle Bombardment, Liposome Mediated Gene Transfer Or Lipofection  and Indirect gene transfer are Agrobacterium tumefacians, Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Molecular markers are classified on the based of  basic stragety i.e. PCR and Non PCR based. PCR based are (RAPD, AFLP, SSR, ISSR), Non PCR based (RFLP), Marker assisted selection (MAS)  is the selection of plants with desirable traits based on their molecular genotype. It can be used alone or in combination with the classical methods of selection.

Key words: PCR, Mutation, Bulbous, Microinjection, Electroporation,

Full Text : PDF; Journal doi : http://dx.doi.org/10.18782

Cite this article: Dogra, N. and Dhatt, K.K., Advances in Breeding Techniques of Bulbous ornamental Crops, Int. J. Pure App. Biosci.7(2): 279-291 (2019). doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.7427