INDIAN JOURNAL OF PURE & APPLIED BIOSCIENCES

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Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences (IJPAB)
Year : 2020, Volume : 8, Issue : 6
First page : (350) Last page : (358)
Article doi: : http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8460

Drought Tolerance of Maize Genotypes for Yield and Yield Parameters Using Line Source Sprinkler Irrigation Technique

Renuka S. Herakal1 , B. B. Channappagoudar2, C. M. Navalagatti3, B. R. Patil4 and R. H. Patil5
1Ph.D Scholar (Crop Physiology), 2,3Professors of Crop Physiology, 4Professor of Genetics and Plant Breeding and 5Assistant Professors of Agricultural Meteorology
University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580 005, Karnataka, India
*Corresponding Author E-mail: renukapgoudar@gmail.com
Received: 3.11.2020 | Revised: 7.12.2020 | Accepted: 12.12.2020 

 

 ABSTRACT

Forty maize genotypes were studied for influence of moisture stress on yield and yield characters using line source sprinkler irrigation technique during rabi-summer, 2016-17 and 2017-2018 using line source sprinkler irrigation technique. The genotypes, G32-DMIL 50, G16-DMIL 13, G39- DMIDS 28, G4-DMIL 78, G28-DMIT 01, G38-DMIDS 15, G15-DMIL 23, G21-DMIL 47, G24-DMIL 84 and G37-DMIDS recorded higher yield compared to other genotypes. The genotype G32- DMIL 50 found promising under various moisture regimes. The genotype G32- DMIL 50 (96.50) and G16- DMIL 13 (91.80) recorded significantly higher cob weight (g/cob) at M1 moisture regime whereas, significantly lower cob weight (g/cob) was recorded in genotype G6- DMIT 30 (17.82), G12- DMIL 58 (18.45), G5- DMIL 150 (19.42), G19- DMID 16 (20.75), G7- DMIL 112 (22.15) and G17- DMIL 52 (22.23) at M5 moisture regime. G21- DMIL 47 (315.89), G28- DMIT 01 (314.83) and G24- DMIL 84 (311.70) recorded significantly higher number of seeds per cob and G6- DMIT 30 (96.67) and G19- DMID 16 (116.05) recorded significantly lower number of seeds per cob. Genotypes G12- DMIL 58 (87.30), G38- DMIDS 15 (85.01), G39- DMIDS 28 (84.99), G26- DMIL 63 (84.80), G24- DMIL 84 (83.83) and G4- DMIL 78 (83.44) recorded significantly higher shelling percentage.

Key words: Maize, Drought tolerance, Yield, Yield parameters, Moisture stress.

Full Text : PDF; Journal doi : http://dx.doi.org/10.18782

Cite this article: Herakal, R.S., Channappagoudar, B.B., Navalagatti, C.M., Patil, B. R., & Patil, R.H. (2020). Drought Tolerance of Maize Genotypes for Yield and Yield Parameters Using Line Source Sprinkler Irrigation Technique, Ind. J. Pure App. Biosci. 8(6), 350-358. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8460

INTRODUCTION

Maize (Zea maysL.) being a C4 plant belongs to family Poaceae and is popularly known as “Queen of cereals” because of its high production potential and wider adoptability. Maize is the important cereal crop occupying 144 m ha area with a production of 695 mt in the world. In India, it is grown in an area of 8.26 m ha with a production of 19.31 mt (Anonymous, 2019). The productivity of maize in India is very low (2337 kg/ha) compared to the world average (4815 kg / ha). This is because nearly 79 per cent of the maize area is under rainfed situation, where the crop experiences soil moisture stress which leads to decreased yield.

In Karnataka, the crop is grown in 1.17 m ha area with a production and productivity of 3.58 m t and 3060 kg/ha, respectively (Anonymous, 2019). About 42 per cent of the maize area is under irrigation and 58 per cent of the area is under rainfed situation in Karnataka.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The line source sprinkler irrigation technique was laid out following the method developed by Hanks et al. (1976) in Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad, which is situated in agro-ecological northern transition zone (Zone 8) of Karnataka. Soil was red sandy loam in texture containing 5.50% coarse sand, 11.00% fine sand, 29.20% silt and 54.30% clay with PH of 7.65. The field experiment was conducted with 40 genotypes of maize. The seeds were sown in furrows by dibbling at a distance of 60 cm between the rows and 20 cm between the plants across the line source layout. Two to three seeds were dibbled per hill. At the time of dibbling care was taken to place the seeds at uniform depth. Thinning was done to retain one seedling per hill at 15 days after sowing. Recommended dose of fertilizer for irrigated condition 150:75:37.5 kg N: P: K per ha was applied. In moisture stress situation the entire dose of recommended fertilizer was applied as basal dose. While in case of irrigated condition the 50% of recommended dose of fertilizer and entire dose P2O5 and K2O were applied as a basal dose. The remaining 50% of N was applied in two splits at 30 and 60 DAS. The field was irrigated through line source kept at 7.5 m interval daily to provide uniform irrigation to the plot up to 20 days after sowing. The treatment of water gradient levels was imposed on 21st day after sowing. Plant protection against pest and diseases was provided as per the package of practices and crop was maintained weed free throughout the season. Each genotype was raised in a two row of 7.5m length with a spacing of 60cm x 20 cm perpendicular to the line source on either side of the LS system with randomization. Each row was divided into 5 parts (M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5 moisture regimes) each of 1.4m length which consisted of 7 plants. The water catch cans were placed perpendicular to LS system between rows in the middle of each part (moisture level) in line with sprinkler heads to estimate receipt of moisture levels. The water applied to each subplot was determined by measuring the water collected in plastic container (catch can) in different subplots at convenient locations (Fig 1).

The water collected in each plastic container is computed using

Water applied (cm) =

Water collected in each plastic container in M1 (cm3)

Area of the plastic container (cm2)

 

The amount of water applied to each subplot is accumulated over the duration of the treatment. Any rainfall during the imposition of drought treatments is added to water input to all subplots (Table 1).
Water deficit thus created was calculated relative to the open pan evaporation that occurs during the treatment period.

     

Water deficit created relative to the open pan evaporation that occurred during the treatment period was calculated using the formula.

Water deficit (%) =

X1 – X2

x 100

X1

Where,
X1 = Cumulative open pan evaporation during the experimental period (cm)

X2 = Cumulative amount of water applied (including rain) during the experimental period (cm)

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Grain yield (kg/ha)
Among the moisture regimes, M1 recorded significantly higher values for maize yields followed by M2, M3 and M4 and these treatments differed significantly among themselves. The treatment M5 recorded significantly lower maize yield compared to other treatments.
Irrespective of moisture regimes and genotypes G32- DMIL 50 (4764) recorded the highest yield (kg/ha) and lowest yield (kg/ha) was observed in G2- DMIL 29 (1038) (Table 2). The interaction effects between moisture regimes and genotypes were significant. The genotype G32- DMIL 50 (6626), G16- DMIL 13 (6113) and G39- DMIDS 28 (5900) recorded significantly higher yield (kg/ha) at M1 moisture regime and significantly lower yield (kg/ha) was recorded in genotype G2- DMIL 29 (559), G6- DMIT 30 (1202), G23- DMID 05 (1205) and G25- DMIL 99 (1314) at M5 moisture regime. At M5 moisture regime genotype G32- DMIL 50 (2518), G16- DMIL 13 (2354), G39- DMIDS 28 (2289), G38- DMIDS 15 (2251), G15- DMIL 23 (2244) and G4- DMIL 78 (2209) recorded significantly higher yield (kg/ha) compared to other genotypes.
Cob weight (g/cob)
Water stress during grain filling period primarily affects kernel weight due to decrease in leaf carbon exchange rates (Jurgenset al., 1978). The reduced yield under water stress could be due to reduced grain number, kernel weight and cob length (Hallet al., 1981; Coasta et al., 1988; Subba Rao, 1992 & Vinodkumar, 1996). Irrespective of moisture regimes and genotypes G32- DMIL 50 (69.38) recorded significantly higher cob weight (g/cob) followed by G16- DMIL 13 (66.10) and G15- DMIL 23 (64.78) and significantly lower cob weight (g/cob) was observed G6- DMIT 30 (33.04), G12- DMIL 58 (34.07), G5- DMIL 150 (36.28), G19- DMID 16 (38.35), G7- DMIL 112 (40.95) and G1- DMIL 281 (41.04) (Table 3). The interaction effects between moisture regimes and genotypes were significant. The genotype G32- DMIL 50 (96.50) and G16- DMIL 13 (91.80) recorded significantly higher cob weight (g/cob) at M1 moisture regime whereas, significantly lower cob weight (g/cob) was recorded in genotype G6- DMIT 30 (17.82), G12- DMIL 58 (18.45), G5- DMIL 150 (19.42), G19- DMID 16 (20.75), G7- DMIL 112 (22.15) and G17- DMIL 52 (22.23) at M5 moisture regime.
At M5 moisture regime genotype G32- DMIL 50 (36.57), G16- DMIL 13 (35.34), G15- DMIL 23 (34.91), G37- DMIDS 10 (32.96), G28- DMIT 01(32.57) and G39- DMIDS 28 (31.54) recorded significantly higher cob weight (g/cob) compared to other genotypes.
Number of seeds per cob
Irrespective of moisture regimes and genotypes G21- DMIL 47 (315.89), G28- DMIT 01 (314.83) and G24- DMIL 84 (311.70) recorded significantly higher number of seeds per cob and G6- DMIT 30 (96.67) and G19- DMID 16 (116.05) recorded significantly lower number of seeds per cob (Table 4). The interaction effects between moisture regimes and genotypes were significant. The genotype G21- DMIL 47 (438.00), G28- DMIT 01 (437.50), G24- DMIL 84 (431.00), G16- DMIL 13 (399.50) and G32- DMIL 50 (390.50) recorded significantly higher number of seeds per cob at M1 moisture regime. Whereas, significantly lower number of seeds per cob was recorded in genotype G6- DMIT 30 (52.26), G19- DMID 16 (61.18), G5- DMIL 150 (70.68), G25- DMIL 99 (73.73), G7- DMIL 112 (82.39) and G23- DMID 05 (90.29) at M5 moisture regime. At M5 moisture regime genotype G21- DMIL 47 (170.82), G28- DMIT 01 (170.63), G24- DMIL 84 (168.09), G16- DMIL 13 (155.81), G32- DMIL 50 (150.73) and G10- DMIT 27 (140.99) recorded significantly higher number of seeds per cob compared to other genotypes.
Shelling percentage (%)
Irrespective of moisture regimes and genotypes G12- DMIL 58 (87.30), G38- DMIDS 15 (85.01), G39- DMIDS 28 (84.99), G26- DMIL 63 (84.80), G24- DMIL 84 (83.83) and G4- DMIL 78 (83.44) recorded significantly higher shelling percentage. G2- DMIL 29 (25.75) recorded significantly lower shelling percentage (Table 5).
The interaction effects between moisture regimes and genotypes were significant. The genotype G12- DMIL 58 (87.32), G38- DMIDS 15 (84.91), G39- DMIDS 28 (84.87), G26- DMIL 63 (84.82), G24- DMIL 84 (83.80) and G4- DMIL 78 (83.44) recorded significantly higher shelling percentage at M1 moisture regime. Whereas, significantly lower shelling percentage was recorded in genotype G2- DMIL 29 (25.70) at M5 moisture regime. At M5 moisture regime genotype G38- DMIDS 15 (86.01), G12- DMIL 58 (85.97), G8- DMIT 11 (85.09), G39- DMIDS 28 (84.87), G26- DMIL 63 (84.82) and G24- DMIL 84 (83.80) recorded significantly higher shelling percentage compared to other genotypes.
Test weight (100 grain weight) (gram)
Irrespective of moisture regimes and genotypes G6- DMIT 30 (22.07) recorded significantly higher test weight (g) 100 seeds and G1- DMIL 281 (11.02), G23- DMID 05 (11.20), G18- DMIL 41 (11.35), G17- DMIL 52 (11.35) and G2- DMIL 29 (11.41) recorded significantly lower test weight (g) (Table 6).
The interaction effects between moisture regimes and genotypes were significant. The genotype G6- DMIT 30 (30.60) recorded significantly higher test weight (gram) at M1 moisture regime. Whereas, significantly lower test weight (gram) was recorded in genotypes G12- DMIL 58 (5.43), G1- DMIL 281 (5.80), G2- DMIL 29 (6.08), G23- DMID 05 (6.12), G18- DMIL 41 (6.20) and G17- DMIL 52 (6.20) at M5 moisture regime. At M5 moisture regime genotype G6- DMIT 30 (11.93), G33- DMIDS 12 (10.64), G19- DMID 16 (10.44), G15- DMIL 23 (10.12), G37- DMIDS 10 (9.92) and G36- DMIDS 33 (9.72) recorded significantly higher test weight (gram) compared to other genotypes. These results indicated that, the genotypes should either possess higher test weight or higher number of seeds per plant in order to produce higher yield levels. These findings are in conformity with the reports of Kumar and Chaudhary (1986) and Jagtap and Kolhe (1986).
Harvest index (%)
Irrespective of moisture regimes and genotypes G23- DMID 05 (38.42) recorded significantly higher harvest index (%) and G32- DMIL 50 (17.62), G16- DMIL 13 (17.62), G28- DMIT 01 (17.89), G14- DMIL 117 (18.86), G15- DMIL 23 (19.02) and G2- DMIL 29 (19.29) recorded significantly lower harvest index (%) (Table7).

The interaction effects between moisture regimes and genotypes were significant. The genotype G23- DMID 05 (40.39) recorded significantly higher harvest index (%) at M1 moisture regime. Whereas, significantly lower harvest index (%) was recorded in genotype G32- DMIL 50 (14.37), G16- DMIL 13 (14.41), G28- DMIT 01 (14.59), G14- DMIL 117 (15.38), G15- DMIL 23 (15.59) and G2- DMIL 29 (15.81) at M5 moisture regime. At M5 moisture regime genotype G23- DMID 05 (31.43) recorded significantly higher value at harvest index (%) compared to other genotypes.

Table 1: Particulars of water used in line source sprinkler irrigation technique


Sl. No.

Particulars

M1

M2

M3

M4

M5

1

Amount of water supplied (ml)

42703.07

37424.12

26911.88

16335.31

10826.70

2

Amount of water received through rain (ml)

1786.00

1786.00

1786.00

1786.00

1786.00

3

Total amount of water (ml)

44489.07

39210.12

28697.88

18121.31

12612.70

4

Amount of water in (kg) (1ml=0.997g)

44355.61

39092.49

28611.79

18066.94

12574.86

5

Amount of water in cm (area of container 38.46 cm2)

67.14

59.18

43.31

27.35

19.04

6

Moisture deficit (%)

11.17

-2.02

-28.29

-54.72

-68.48

(Cumulative pan evaporation during the experimentation = 60.40 cm)

Table 3: Cob weight (g) as influenced by different moisture regimes in maize genotypes


Sl. No.

Genotypes

Cob weight (g)

Mean

Moisture regimes

M1

M2

M3

M4

M5

1

G1: DMIL 281

57.00

51.24

42.52

32.21

22.23

41.04

2

G2: DMIL 29

65.20

59.01

48.83

37.03

25.43

47.10

3

G3: NMI 15

61.60

55.69

46.20

34.93

23.90

44.46

4

G4: DMIL 78

81.50

74.17

60.31

46.46

30.97

58.68

5

G5: DMIL 150

50.30

45.27

37.73

28.67

19.42

36.28

6

G6: DMIT 30

45.80

41.68

33.89

26.01

17.82

33.04

7

G7: DMIL 112

56.80

51.40

42.60

31.81

22.15

40.95

8

G8: DMIT 11

74.30

67.46

55.73

42.05

28.23

53.56

9

G9: DMIL 132

72.80

66.03

53.87

41.42

27.59

52.34

10

G10: DMIT 27

80.30

73.07

59.34

45.77

30.51

57.80

11

G11: DMIL 77

65.30

59.42

48.65

36.57

25.47

47.08

12

G12: DMIL 58

47.30

42.95

35.19

26.44

18.45

34.07

13

G13: DMID 35

74.50

67.05

55.88

41.72

29.06

53.64

14

G14: DMIL 117

72.80

65.96

53.87

41.50

27.66

52.36

15

G15: DMIL 23

89.50

81.36

67.13

51.02

34.91

64.78

16

G16: DMIL 13

91.80

83.54

68.39

51.41

35.34

66.10

17

G17: DMIL 52

57.30

51.57

42.86

32.03

22.23

41.20

18

G18: DMIL 41

59.80

53.76

44.67

33.79

23.14

43.03

19

G19: DMID 16

53.20

47.88

39.90

30.00

20.75

38.35

20

G20: DMID 09

64.00

58.24

48.00

36.48

24.96

46.34

21

G21: DMIL 47

80.30

73.07

60.06

44.97

31.16

57.91

22

G22: DMID 147

75.00

67.50

55.50

42.75

28.50

53.85

23

G23: DMID 05

64.50

58.70

48.12

36.44

24.90

46.53

24

G24: DMIL 84

77.80

70.80

58.27

44.19

30.26

56.26

25

G25: DMIL 99

58.10

52.58

43.58

32.94

22.66

41.97

26

G26: DMIL 63

68.50

62.20

50.69

39.05

26.03

49.29

27

G27: DMIT 65

80.30

72.83

59.34

45.77

30.43

57.74

28

G28: DMIT 01

85.70

77.99

63.42

48.68

32.57

61.67

29

G29: DMID 02

76.50

69.62

57.38

42.84

29.84

55.23

30

G30: DMIL 97

66.30

60.20

49.73

37.53

25.86

47.92

31

G31: DMIT 110

68.00

61.20

51.00

38.69

25.84

48.95

32

G32: DMIL 50

96.50

87.43

71.41

55.01

36.57

69.38

33

G33: DMIDS 12

66.80

60.72

50.10

37.41

25.72

48.15

34

G34: DMIDS 03

71.30

64.88

53.12

39.86

27.38

51.31

35

G35: DMIDS 21

71.50

64.35

53.48

40.04

27.89

51.45

36

G36: DMIDS 33

76.00

68.32

56.77

43.32

28.88

54.66

37

G37: DMIDS 10

84.50

76.05

63.38

48.17

32.96

61.01

38

G38: DMIDS 15

79.50

72.35

59.63

45.32

30.61

57.48

39

G39: DMIDS 28

81.30

73.98

60.81

45.53

31.54

58.63

40

G40: DMIDS 07

66.00

59.40

48.84

37.62

25.54

47.48

Mean

70.39

63.77

52.50

39.84

27.13

 

For comparison of

S.Em. +

CD @ 0.05

Moisture regimes (M)

0.63

1.87

Genotypes (G)

1.79

5.30

M x G

4.00

11.84

M1 = +11.17               M2 = -2.02        M3 = -28.29      M4 = -54.72           M5 = -68.48

Table 4: Number of seeds per cob as influenced by different moisture regimes in maize genotypes


Sl. No.

Genotypes

Number of seeds per cob

Mean

Moisture regimes

M1

M2

M3

M4

M5

1

G1: DMIL 281

322.00

291.73

239.89

183.54

122.04

231.84

2

G2: DMIL 29

241.00

219.07

180.27

137.37

92.79

174.10

3

G3: NMI 15

241.50

219.77

180.40

137.17

92.74

174.31

4

G4: DMIL 78

278.50

250.65

208.88

155.96

108.62

200.52

5

G5: DMIL 150

186.00

169.26

139.50

105.28

70.68

134.14

6

G6: DMIT 30

134.00

120.60

100.23

76.25

52.26

96.67

7

G7: DMIL 112

214.00

194.74

158.36

121.98

82.39

154.29

8

G8: DMIT 11

348.00

316.68

259.61

194.88

135.02

250.84

9

G9: DMIL 132

239.50

215.55

179.39

133.88

92.69

172.20

10

G10: DMIT 27

361.50

324.99

271.13

202.44

140.99

260.21

11

G11: DMIL 77

250.00

226.25

185.00

142.50

97.50

180.25

12

G12: DMIL 58

274.00

247.70

202.49

156.18

106.31

197.33

13

G13: DMID 35

242.50

220.68

179.45

138.23

92.15

174.60

14

G14: DMIL 117

307.00

276.30

230.25

171.92

118.50

220.79

15

G15: DMIL 23

285.00

259.35

213.75

162.45

110.87

206.28

16

G16: DMIL 13

399.50

361.55

295.63

225.72

155.81

287.64

17

G17: DMIL 52

316.50

287.38

233.89

179.77

120.27

227.56

18

G18: DMIL 41

327.00

296.59

243.62

185.41

123.93

235.31

19

G19: DMID 16

161.00

146.51

119.78

91.77

61.18

116.05

20

G20: DMID 09

283.50

257.99

212.63

161.60

110.57

205.25

21

G21: DMIL 47

438.00

397.70

324.12

248.78

170.82

315.89

22

G22: DMID 147

342.00

307.80

256.50

191.52

129.96

245.56

23

G23: DMID 05

231.50

209.74

172.47

131.03

90.29

167.00

24

G24: DMIL 84

431.00

391.78

322.39

245.24

168.09

311.70

25

G25: DMIL 99

191.50

174.27

143.05

109.16

73.73

138.34

26

G26: DMIL 63

308.00

277.20

231.00

172.48

119.50

221.64

27

G27: DMIT 65

268.50

241.38

201.38

150.09

103.91

193.05

28

G28: DMIT 01

437.50

393.75

327.25

245.00

170.63

314.83

29

G29: DMID 02

267.00

242.97

197.58

152.19

104.13

192.77

30

G30: DMIL 97

295.00

268.45

220.07

168.15

114.46

213.23

31

G31: DMIT 110

294.00

267.54

220.21

164.64

111.72

211.62

32

G32: DMIL 50

390.50

351.45

292.88

218.29

150.73

280.77

33

G33: DMIDS 12

254.00

231.14

187.96

143.51

98.81

183.08

34

G34: DMIDS 03

275.00

248.88

203.23

155.10

107.25

197.89

35

G35: DMIDS 21

280.00

254.24

207.20

159.60

106.40

201.49

36

G36: DMIDS 33

251.50

228.11

188.63

140.84

95.32

180.88

37

G37: DMIDS 10

294.00

267.54

220.50

167.58

111.72

212.27

38

G38: DMIDS 15

340.50

309.86

255.38

192.38

132.80

246.18

39

G39: DMIDS 28

344.00

312.35

254.56

195.39

134.16

248.09

40

G40: DMIDS 07

272.50

245.25

204.38

154.51

103.55

196.04

Mean

290.45

263.12

216.62

164.24

112.13

 

For comparison of

S.Em. +

CD @ 0.05

Moisture regimes (M)

2.63

7.79

Genotypes (G)

7.45

22.04

M x G

16.65

49.28

M1 = +11.17               M2 = -2.02        M3 = -28.29      M4 = -54.72           M5 = -68.48

Table 5: Shelling percentage (%) of maize genotypes as influenced by different moisture regimes


Sl. No.

Genotypes

Shelling percentage (%)

Mean

Moisture regimes

M1

M2

M3

M4

M5

1

G1: DMIL 281

75.96

76.47

76.37

75.16

75.19

75.83

2

G2: DMIL 29

25.77

25.85

25.80

25.63

25.70

25.75

3

G3: NMI 15

77.60

77.85

77.39

77.19

78.00

77.61

4

G4: DMIL 78

83.44

83.44

83.44

83.44

83.44

83.44

5

G5: DMIL 150

82.31

83.22

81.87

80.86

83.16

82.28

6

G6: DMIT 30

80.79

80.61

81.77

81.07

78.92

80.63

7

G7: DMIL 112

72.71

72.31

72.71

73.36

72.71

72.76

8

G8: DMIT 11

82.91

82.72

81.80

83.20

85.09

83.14

9

G9: DMIL 132

77.34

77.51

77.23

77.06

77.54

77.33

10

G10: DMIT 27

75.72

75.72

75.82

75.72

75.52

75.70

11

G11: DMIL 77

77.34

76.49

77.85

78.72

76.34

77.35

12

G12: DMIL 58

87.32

86.45

88.02

88.72

85.97

87.30

13

G13: DMID 35

73.15

73.15

73.15

73.15

73.15

73.15

14

G14: DMIL 117

78.98

79.33

78.98

78.43

78.98

78.94

15

G15: DMIL 23

75.20

75.28

75.20

75.06

75.20

75.19

16

G16: DMIL 13

77.89

77.03

77.89

79.28

77.89

77.99

17

G17: DMIL 52

75.57

75.48

75.57

75.70

75.57

75.58

18

G18: DMIL 41

75.25

75.75

75.25

74.45

75.25

75.19

19

G19: DMID 16

77.82

78.17

77.82

77.27

77.82

77.78

20

G20: DMID 09

80.00

80.00

80.00

80.00

80.00

80.00

21

G21: DMIL 47

82.81

81.90

82.81

84.29

82.81

82.93

22

G22: DMID 147

77.07

77.92

77.07

75.71

77.07

76.97

23

G23: DMID 05

56.59

56.28

56.59

57.09

56.59

56.63

24

G24: DMIL 84

83.80

83.62

83.80

84.10

83.80

83.83

25

G25: DMIL 99

67.81

67.96

67.81

67.57

67.81

67.80

26

G26: DMIL 63

84.82

85.00

84.82

84.52

84.82

84.80

27

G27: DMIT 65

70.73

70.97

70.73

70.36

70.73

70.71

28

G28: DMIT 01

79.35

79.17

79.35

79.63

79.35

79.37

29

G29: DMID 02

72.55

71.75

72.55

73.84

72.55

72.65

30

G30: DMIL 97

82.96

82.77

82.96

83.25

82.96

82.98

31

G31: DMIT 110

80.44

81.25

79.37

79.17

82.56

80.56

32

G32: DMIL 50

80.31

80.67

80.20

79.75

80.52

80.29

33

G33: DMIDS 12

79.04

78.26

78.51

80.31

80.07

79.24

34

G34: DMIDS 03

71.25

70.39

71.15

72.65

71.43

71.37

35

G35: DMIDS 21

72.03

72.03

72.22

72.03

71.66

71.99

36

G36: DMIDS 33

71.71

72.59

71.04

70.33

73.03

71.74

37

G37: DMIDS 10

76.33

77.18

76.33

74.99

76.33

76.23

38

G38: DMIDS 15

84.91

84.91

84.34

84.91

86.01

85.01

39

G39: DMIDS 28

84.87

83.94

84.87

86.39

84.87

84.99

40

G40: DMIDS 07

75.00

75.83

75.71

73.68

73.64

74.77

Mean

76.19

76.18

76.15

76.20

76.25

 

For comparison of

S.Em. +

CD @ 0.05

Moisture regimes (M)

0.69

2.05

Genotypes (G)

1.96

5.79

M x G

4.37

12.94

M1 = +11.17               M2 = -2.02        M3 = -28.29      M4 = -54.72           M5 = -68.48

Table 6: Test weight (g) as influenced by different moisture regimes in maize genotypes


Sl. No.

Genotypes

Test weight (g)

Mean

Moisture regimes

M1

M2

M3

M4

M5

1

G1: DMIL 281

15.30

13.86

11.40

8.72

5.80

11.02

2

G2: DMIL 29

15.80

14.36

11.82

9.01

6.08

11.41

3

G3: NMI 15

22.70

20.66

16.96

12.89

8.72

16.38

4

G4: DMIL 78

24.30

21.87

18.23

13.61

9.48

17.50

5

G5: DMIL 150

23.20

21.11

17.40

13.13

8.82

16.73

6

G6: DMIT 30

30.60

27.54

22.89

17.41

11.93

22.07

7

G7: DMIL 112

21.50

19.57

15.91

12.26

8.28

15.50

8

G8: DMIT 11

17.70

16.11

13.20

9.91

6.87

12.76

9

G9: DMIL 132

25.00

22.50

18.73

13.98

9.68

17.98

10

G10: DMIT 27

19.30

17.35

14.48

10.81

7.53

13.89

11

G11: DMIL 77

23.80

21.54

17.61

13.57

9.28

17.16

12

G12: DMIL 58

14.00

12.66

10.35

7.98

5.43

10.08

13

G13: DMID 35

22.30

20.52

16.95

12.93

8.92

16.32

14

G14: DMIL 117

20.30

18.68

15.43

11.77

8.12

14.86

15

G15: DMIL 23

25.30

23.28

19.23

14.67

10.12

18.52

16

G16: DMIL 13

17.30

15.92

13.15

10.03

6.92

12.66

17

G17: DMIL 52

15.50

14.26

11.78

8.99

6.20

11.35

18

G18: DMIL 41

15.50

14.26

11.78

8.99

6.20

11.35

19

G19: DMID 16

26.10

24.01

19.84

15.14

10.44

19.11

20

G20: DMID 09

23.20

21.34

17.63

13.46

9.28

16.98

21

G21: DMIL 47

21.70

19.96

16.49

12.59

8.68

15.88

22

G22: DMID 147

18.00

16.56

13.68

10.44

7.20

13.18

23

G23: DMID 05

15.30

14.08

11.63

8.87

6.12

11.20

24

G24: DMIL 84

21.00

19.32

15.96

12.18

8.40

15.37

25

G25: DMIL 99

21.20

19.50

16.11

12.30

8.48

15.52

26

G26: DMIL 63

20.70

19.04

15.73

12.01

8.28

15.15

27

G27: DMIT 65

20.50

18.86

15.58

11.89

8.20

15.01

28

G28: DMIT 01

16.80

15.46

12.77

9.74

6.72

12.30

29

G29: DMID 02

20.40

18.77

15.50

11.83

8.16

14.93

30

G30: DMIL 97

19.00

17.48

14.44

11.02

7.60

13.91

31

G31: DMIT 110

19.20

17.66

14.59

11.14

7.68

14.05

32

G32: DMIL 50

20.30

18.68

15.43

11.77

8.12

14.86

33

G33: DMIDS 12

26.60

24.47

20.22

15.43

10.64

19.47

34

G34: DMIDS 03

16.50

15.18

12.54

9.57

6.60

12.08

35

G35: DMIDS 21

17.50

16.10

13.30

10.15

7.00

12.81

36

G36: DMIDS 33

24.30

22.36

18.47

14.09

9.72

17.79

37

G37: DMIDS 10

24.80

22.82

18.85

14.38

9.92

18.15

38

G38: DMIDS 15

19.30

17.76

14.67

11.19

7.72

14.13

39

G39: DMIDS 28

19.70

18.12

14.97

11.43

7.88

14.42

40

G40: DMIDS 07

17.00

15.64

12.92

9.86

6.80

12.44

Mean

20.46

18.73

15.46

11.78

8.10

 

For comparison of

S.Em. +

CD @ 0.05

Moisture regimes (M)

0.18

0.54

Genotypes (G)

0.52

1.53

M x G

1.16

3.42

M1 = +11.17               M2 = -2.02        M3 = -28.29      M4 = -54.72           M5 = -68.48

Table 7: Harvest index (%) as influenced by different moisture regimes in maize genotypes


Sl. No.

Genotypes

Harvest index (%)

Mean

Moisture regimes

M1

M2

M3

M4

M5

1

G1: DMIL 281

22.89

23.72

23.02

21.42

17.81

21.77

2

G2: DMIL 29

20.28

21.01

20.39

18.98

15.81

19.29

3

G3: NMI 15

23.02

23.86

23.15

21.55

17.96

21.91

4

G4: DMIL 78

21.75

22.54

21.87

20.38

16.87

20.68

5

G5: DMIL 150

24.12

24.99

24.26

22.57

18.82

22.95

6

G6: DMIT 30

30.96

32.08

31.13

29.00

24.01

29.44

7

G7: DMIL 112

21.94

22.74

22.06

20.54

17.12

20.88

8

G8: DMIT 11

20.62

21.36

20.73

19.31

16.08

19.62

9

G9: DMIL 132

21.62

22.41

21.75

20.25

16.77

20.56

10

G10: DMIT 27

20.84

21.59

20.95

19.52

16.15

19.81

11

G11: DMIL 77

22.88

23.72

23.01

21.44

17.80

21.77

12

G12: DMIL 58

23.51

24.37

23.64

22.02

18.27

22.36

13

G13: DMID 35

20.91

21.67

21.02

19.56

16.31

19.89

14

G14: DMIL 117

19.83

20.55

19.94

18.57

15.38

18.86

15

G15: DMIL 23

19.98

20.70

20.09

18.72

15.59

19.02

16

G16: DMIL 13

18.52

19.20

18.63

17.35

14.41

17.62

17

G17: DMIL 52

21.72

22.51

21.84

20.32

16.92

20.66

18

G18: DMIL 41

22.28

23.09

22.41

20.85

17.35

21.20

19

G19: DMID 16

24.01

24.88

24.14

22.46

18.72

22.84

20

G20: DMID 09

21.40

22.17

21.52

20.05

16.69

20.37

21

G21: DMIL 47

22.54

23.36

22.66

21.11

17.56

21.45

22

G22: DMID 147

21.47

22.24

21.59

20.09

16.65

20.41

23

G23: DMID 05

40.39

41.85

40.61

37.84

31.43

38.42

24

G24: DMIL 84

20.91

21.67

21.03

19.59

16.30

19.90

25

G25: DMIL 99

23.98

24.85

24.12

22.46

18.71

22.82

26

G26: DMIL 63

21.24

22.01

21.36

19.89

16.47

20.19

27

G27: DMIT 65

20.86

21.61

20.98

19.53

16.17

19.83

28

G28: DMIT 01

18.81

19.49

18.92

17.62

14.59

17.89

29

G29: DMID 02

20.36

21.10

20.47

19.07

15.88

19.38

30

G30: DMIL 97

21.45

22.23

21.57

20.09

16.73

20.41

31

G31: DMIT 110

21.84

22.62

21.96

20.43

17.03

20.78

32

G32: DMIL 50

18.53

19.20

18.64

17.35

14.37

17.62

33

G33: DMIDS 12

22.50

23.33

22.63

21.08

17.55

21.42

34

G34: DMIDS 03

23.52

24.38

23.65

22.03

18.29

22.37

35

G35: DMIDS 21

21.45

22.23

21.57

20.07

16.71

20.40

36

G36: DMIDS 33

22.36

23.16

22.48

20.92

17.41

21.26

37

G37: DMIDS 10

20.95

21.71

21.07

19.61

16.34

19.94

38

G38: DMIDS 15

21.34

22.11

21.46

19.99

16.65

20.31

39

G39: DMIDS 28

21.05

21.82

21.17

19.72

16.40

20.03

40

G40: DMIDS 07

23.12

23.96

23.25

21.64

17.93

21.98

Mean

22.29

23.10

22.42

20.87

17.35

 

For comparison of

S.Em. +

CD @ 0.05

Moisture regimes (M)

0.21

0.62

Genotypes (G)

0.59

1.74

M x G

1.32

3.90

M1 = +11.17               M2 = -2.02        M3 = -28.29      M4 = -54.72           M5 = -68.48

CONCLUSION

Considering all the above  parameters under severe moisture stress the genotypes , G32-DMIL 50, G16-DMIL 13, G39- DMIDS 28, G4-DMIL 78, G28-DMIT 01, G38-DMIDS 15, G15-DMIL 23, G21-DMIL 47, G24-DMIL 84 and G37-DMIDS 10  performed well compared to other genotypes. The genotype G32- DMIL 50 found promising under various moisture regimes.

REFERENCES

Anonymous, (2019). Agricultural statistics at a Glance 2019, Published by Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India.
Coasta, J. O., Ferraria, L. G. R., & Souza, F. D. (1988). Yield of maize under different levels of water stress. Pesquisa Agropecuria Brasileiria, 23, 1255-1261.
Hall, A. J., Lemcoff, J. H., & Trapani, N. (1981). Water stress before and during flowering in maize and its effects on yield, its components and their determinants. Maydica, 26, 19-38.
Hanks, R. J., Heller, J., Ramussen, V. P., & Wilson, G. D. (1976). Line source sprinkler for continuously variable irrigation – crop production studies. Soil Sci. Soc. American J., 40, 426.
Jagtap D. R., & Kolhe A. K. (1984). Correlation studies in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), Madras Agric. J., 71(7), 470-471.
Jurgens, S. K., Johnson, R. R., & Boyer, J. S. (1978). Dry matter production and translocation. In: Maize subjected to drought during grain filling. Agron. J. 70, 678-682.
Kumar, V., & Choudhary, M. L. (1986). Correlation of certain quantitative characters with yield in (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cotton, Cotton Dev., 16, 21-22.
Subba Rao, M. (1992). Genetic studies on drought tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) Ph.D. Thesis, IARI, New Delhi.

Vinodkumar, (1996). Genetic studies on yield, yield components and some morpho-physiological traits associated with drought tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.).Ph. D. Thesis, IARI, New Delhi.

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 




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